How this worksGuide & definitions
Quick start
- Choose a book and chapter using the picker at the top.
- Read the Berean Standard Bible text in the main column.
- Hover a verse number in the passage to open a manuscript list and timeline.
- Click a verse number or use “Full verse page” for GA lookup, commentary, Greek tools, and (on ECM books) textual apparatus.
- Click any manuscript siglum (e.g. 01, P46) to open its catalog record.
This book
Hover any verse to see manuscripts whose content includes Romans. The list is the same at every verse in this book.
The chapter view is for reading and quick manuscript discovery. Hover verse superscripts for a preview; open the verse page for full lists, timelines, and analysis tools.
Two manuscript lists
- Book catalog
- Manuscripts whose surviving text includes this book (from the Kurzgefaßte Liste catalog). The same list appears at every verse — it is not verse-specific attestation.
- ECM
- The Editio Critica Maior (ECM) is the scholarly critical edition of the Greek New Testament. Its apparatus records which manuscripts attest each textual variant at a specific verse.
Sources
English text: Berean Standard Bible (helloao API). NT manuscript catalog and apparatus: Münster NTVMR. Extrabiblical catalog: scholarly inventories with bundled JSON + Firestore. Pre-indexed lists enable fast hover; apparatus XML is fetched live on ECM verse pages.
Romans 16The chapter view is for reading and quick manuscript discovery. Hover verse superscripts for a preview; open the verse page for full lists, timelines, and analysis tools.
Open verse
Hover a verse number in the passage to open a manuscript list and timeline. Open the verse page for GA lookup, commentary, and the full manuscript list.
1I commend to you our sister Phoebe, a servant of the church in Cenchrea.2Welcome her in the Lord in a manner worthy of the saints, and assist her with anything she may need from you. For she has been a great help to many people, including me.3Greet Prisca and Aquila, my fellow workers in Christ Jesus,4who have risked their lives for me. Not only I but all the churches of the Gentiles are grateful to them.5Greet also the church that meets at their house. Greet my beloved Epenetus, who was the first convert to Christ in the province of Asia.6Greet Mary, who has worked very hard for you.7Greet Andronicus and Junia, my fellow countrymen and fellow prisoners. They are outstanding among the apostles, and they were in Christ before I was.8Greet Ampliatus, my beloved in the Lord.9Greet Urbanus, our fellow worker in Christ, and my beloved Stachys.10Greet Apelles, who is approved in Christ. Greet those who belong to the household of Aristobulus.11Greet Herodion, my fellow countryman. Greet those from the household of Narcissus who are in the Lord.12Greet Tryphena and Tryphosa, women who have worked hard in the Lord. Greet my beloved Persis, who has worked very hard in the Lord.13Greet Rufus, chosen in the Lord, and his mother, who has been a mother to me as well.14Greet Asyncritus, Phlegon, Hermes, Patrobas, Hermas, and the brothers with them.15Greet Philologus and Julia, Nereus and his sister, and Olympas and all the saints with them.16Greet one another with a holy kiss. All the churches of Christ send you greetings.17Now I urge you, brothers, to watch out for those who create divisions and obstacles that are contrary to the teaching you have learned. Turn away from them.18For such people are not serving our Lord Christ, but their own appetites. By smooth talk and flattery they deceive the hearts of the naive.19Everyone has heard about your obedience, so I rejoice over you. But I want you to be wise about what is good and innocent about what is evil.20The God of peace will soon crush Satan under your feet. The grace of our Lord Jesus Christ be with you.21Timothy, my fellow worker, sends you greetings, as do Lucius, Jason, and Sosipater, my fellow countrymen.22I, Tertius, who wrote down this letter, greet you in the Lord.23Gaius, who has hosted me and all the church, sends you greetings. Erastus, the city treasurer, sends you greetings, as does our brother Quartus.25Now to Him who is able to strengthen you by my gospel and by the proclamation of Jesus Christ, according to the revelation of the mystery concealed for ages past26but now revealed and made known through the writings of the prophets by the command of the eternal God, in order to lead all nations to the obedience that comes from faith —27to the only wise God be glory forever through Jesus Christ! Amen.