NT Critic
Berean Standard Bible · NT & related texts
How this worksGuide & definitions

Quick start

  1. Choose a book and chapter using the picker at the top.
  2. Read the Berean Standard Bible text in the main column.
  3. Hover a verse number in the passage to open a manuscript list and timeline.
  4. Click a verse number or use “Full verse page” for GA lookup, commentary, Greek tools, and (on ECM books) textual apparatus.
  5. Click any manuscript siglum (e.g. 01, P46) to open its catalog record.

This book

A letter from the church of Rome to Corinth (late 1st c.), urging order and unity. The earliest extant Christian letter outside the NT. Read in some congregations into the 4th century; listed in Codex Alexandrinus with the NT. Frequently cited in discussions of which apostolic-era writings were treated as Scripture.

The chapter view is for reading and quick manuscript discovery. Hover verse superscripts for a preview; open the verse page for full lists, timelines, and analysis tools.

Extrabiblical text

Extrabiblical writings are listed separately from the 27 NT books. Each includes a public-domain English translation plus a scholarly witness catalog — Greek papyri and codices, major versional witnesses, and inventory cross-links (LDAB, Trismegistos, P.Oxy).

Witnesses are drawn from standard scholarly catalogs (CPG, LDAB, Repertorium Kirchenväter-Papyri, and related inventories). Each entry is tagged Verified, Approx., or Tradition to show how confidently it is identified. Where fragment coverage is known, the list narrows by section — but this is still not a full critical apparatus, and scholarly totals often exceed our catalogued list.

Witness lists come from our extrabiblical catalog (Firestore + bundled JSON). Each entry is tagged Verified, Approx., or Tradition. Where fragment coverage is documented — especially for Hermas, Didache, and Thomas — the list narrows by section. Versional witnesses without unit data still appear at every address. Counts are catalogued witnesses, not the full scholarly total.

Sources

English text: Berean Standard Bible (helloao API). NT manuscript catalog and apparatus: Münster NTVMR. Extrabiblical catalog: scholarly inventories with bundled JSON + Firestore. Pre-indexed lists enable fast hover; apparatus XML is fetched live on ECM verse pages.

Extrabiblical · canon discussions

A letter from the church of Rome to Corinth (late 1st c.), urging order and unity. The earliest extant Christian letter outside the NT.

Read in some congregations into the 4th century; listed in Codex Alexandrinus with the NT. Frequently cited in discussions of which apostolic-era writings were treated as Scripture.

English text: Joseph Barber Lightfoot. Source: https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1_Clement_(Lightfoot_translation). Reading text is a public-domain English translation for orientation — not a critical edition of the Greek or Coptic original.

Witnesses are drawn from standard scholarly catalogs (CPG, LDAB, Repertorium Kirchenväter-Papyri, and related inventories). Each entry is tagged Verified, Approx., or Tradition to show how confidently it is identified. Where fragment coverage is known, the list narrows by section — but this is still not a full critical apparatus, and scholarly totals often exceed our catalogued list.

1 Clement 4Extrabiblical writings are listed separately from the 27 NT books. Each includes a public-domain English translation plus a scholarly witness catalog — Greek papyri and codices, major versional witnesses, and inventory cross-links (LDAB, Trismegistos, P.Oxy).

Open verse
Full workspace1 Clement 4:1

Hover a verse number in the passage to open a manuscript list and timeline. Open the workspace for GA lookup and the sample witness list — not every surviving manuscript.

1For so it is written, And it came to pass after certain days that Cain brought of the fruits of the earth a sacrifice unto God, and Abel he also brought of the firstlings of the sheep and of their fatness.2And God looked upon Abel and upon his gifts, but unto Cain and unto his sacrifices He gave no heed.3And Cain sorrowed exceedingly, and his countenance fell.4And God said unto Cain, Wherefore art thou very sorrowful and wherefore did thy countenance fall? If thou hast offered aright and hast not divided aright, didst thou not sin? Hold thy peace.5Unto thee shall he turn, and thou shalt rule over him. {This last phrase has also been translated: Be at peace: thine offering returns to thyself, and thou shalt again possess it.}6And Cain said unto Abel his brother, Let us go over unto the plain. And it came to pass, while they Were in the plain, that Cain rose up against Abel his brother and slew him.7Ye see, brethren, jealousy and envy wrought a brother's murder.8By reason of jealousy our father Jacob ran away from the face of Esau his brother.9Jealousy caused Joseph to be persecuted even unto death, and to come even unto bondage.10Jealousy compelled Moses to flee from the face of Pharaoh king of Egypt while it was said to him by his own countryman, Who made thee a judge or a decider over us, Wouldest thou slay me, even as yesterday thou slewest the Egyptian?11By reason of jealousy Aaron and Miriam were lodged outside the camp.12Jealousy brought Dathan and Abiram down alive to hades, because they made sedition against Moses the servant of God.13By reason of jealousy David was envied not only by the Philistines, but was persecuted also by Saul [king of Israel].